Electricity is caused by the movement of the charge. There are many types of electrolytes. The particles in the charged medium are known as "conductors". While there is an electric current flowing, the solution “is conductive”.

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Electrical conductivity of a solution
An electrically conductive solution is called an "Electrolytic solution" such as hydrochloric acid solution. If there is a strong electric current, it is a strong electrolyte solution, such as sodium chloride solution. If the electricity flow is less, it is a weak electrolyte solution, such as a solution of acetic acid. If a solution does not conduct electricity it is a " non-electrolytic solution " such as glucose solution.

The electrolyte solution is electrically conductive because in the solution there are charged ions called cations and anions. When the solution in water is split into two parts of opposite charge, each part is called an ion. Some ions contain positive charge, called “cation”. The other ion is a negative charge called an “anion” (There are equal amounts of positive and negative ions).

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Conductivity of water
Normally, pure water will not induce electricity. Electrical conductivity of water represents the presence of another solution in water. The electrical conductivity of water is estimated as the amount of dissolved solids in water or TDS, which stands for all dissolved solids. TDS is measured in ppm (mg / L) or mg / l

Factors that affect the conductivity of water include the temperature of the water: the higher the temperature, the greater the electrical conductivity. Water conductivity can increase by 2-3%, with a change of 1 degree Celsius. Many current EC meter water temperature readings are readily readable to 25C, while electrical conductivity is a good indicator of overall salinity. Information on any element of ions in water. The same conductivity can be measured in low quality water. (Eg, water rich in sodium, boron and fluoride), as well as in high-quality irrigation water. (Eg, adequate water-fertilization with appropriate nutrient concentrations and ratios).

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Unit of measurement of electrical conductivity of water
The unit is commonly used for conductivity measurement of water: micro seconds / cm (microsiemens / cm) or dS / m (deciSiemens / m) where: 1,000 microseconds / cm = 1 dS / m

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TDS and conductivity EC values
Since electrical conductivity is a measure of the capacity of the water to conduct electricity, it is directly related to the salt concentration dissolved in water and thus dissolves all solids (TDS). Salt dissolves into cationic ions and negative ions. The conductor Because it is difficult to measure the TDS in the conductivity field, the water is used as a metric. Electric conductivity of the water can be determined in a quick and inexpensive way.